What is Hiatal Hernia?
A hiatal hernia is a condition in which part of the stomach pushes upward through the diaphragm and into the chest. The diaphragm is a muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity, and it has a small opening (the hiatus) through which the esophagus passes.
Symptoms
Hiatal hernias are often asymptomatic, meaning they do not cause any symptoms. However, in some cases, a hiatal hernia can cause symptoms such as heartburn, regurgitation, chest pain, difficulty swallowing, and belching. These symptoms are caused by the herniated portion of the stomach putting pressure on the esophagus.
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Complications
Risk factors for hiatal hernia include age (it is more common in people over 50), obesity, pregnancy, and certain activities that increase abdominal pressure (such as heavy lifting).
Diagnosis / Treatment
Diagnosis of hiatal hernia typically involves an endoscopy or imaging tests (such as X-rays or CT scans or Barium study).
Treatment options may include medications to reduce stomach acid production, dietary changes to avoid trigger foods, and lifestyle modifications (such as losing weight and avoiding activities that increase abdominal pressure).
In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair the hernia. Complications of hiatal hernia can include gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and esophagitis (inflammation of the esophagus).
When to see doctor?
It is important to see a doctor if you are experiencing symptoms of hiatal hernia, as early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and improve outcomes.